Statistics show that about 50% of adults between 18 and 65 have gum recession on at least one tooth, while about 88% of people over 65 experience gum recession on one or more teeth. But what causes receding gums? In this article, we talk about one of the most common reasons, gum disease, and other risk factors.
What Causes Receding Gums?
Gum recession is a condition in which the gum tissue pulls away from your teeth, exposing the roots. Most typically, gum recession can be caused by:
- Periodontal disease (gum disease)
- Traumatic (aggressive) brushing
- Smoking and tobacco use
- Teeth grinding
- Genetic predisposition
- Tooth and bite misalignment, as it creates uneven force distribution on the gums.
- Hormonal changes
Periodontal Disease and Receding Gums
Periodontal disease is one of the most common causes of receding gums. It typically occurs due to insufficient oral hygiene and oral health care. However, other risk factors also include smoking, systemic issues (such as diabetes), genetic predisposition, and hormonal changes.
Periodontal disease, also called gum disease, is a chronic bacterial infection and inflammation of the gum tissue. Gum disease is dangerous because it is only fully treatable in its earliest stage, gingivitis. That is why you should seek professional dental care as soon as you notice symptoms such as red, puffy, or swollen gums and frequent bleeding when brushing or flossing. Symptoms of more advanced stages of gum disease also include:
- Plaque and tartar accumulation in periodontal pockets
- Gum recession and exposed tooth roots
- Cysts on the gums or pus oozing from periodontal pockets
- Changes in the way your teeth fit together
- Pain when brushing, flossing, or chewing food
- Unstable teeth
Regardless of the stage, gum disease must be treated promptly, as it can advance quickly and lead to tooth loss and jawbone damage.
How to Prevent Gum Recession
To prevent gum recession and its most common cause, gum disease, follow these rules:
- Choose a soft-bristled brush that removes plaque without hurting your gums.
- Brush your teeth twice a day for two minutes, paying special attention to cleaning along the gumline.
- Floss your teeth every evening, but don’t push the floss too deep into the gums to avoid bleeding.
- Add a water flosser to your evening routine. Use it first, then follow with traditional flossing and brushing.
- Visit your dentist for professional cleanings and fluoride treatments twice a year.
- Address bruxism if present.
- Abstain from smoking.
Gum Recession Treatment Methods
Gum recession treatment methods depend on the cause. If gum recession is caused by gum disease, you must address the disease first. Otherwise, the recession will progress along with the disease. Often, active gum disease is treated with a combination of such methods as:
- Improved oral hygiene
- Lifestyle changes (smoking and alcohol use cessation, improved diet and sleep, etc.)
- Prescribed oral or topical antibiotics
- Regular dental cleanings
- Scaling and root planing
Once gum disease is under control, or when other factors cause gum recession, your dentist can offer cosmetic and restorative procedures to improve the appearance of your gums. Two most common methods include:
- Gum grafting or guided tissue regeneration: grafts prompt the tissue to regenerate naturally.
- Pinhole surgical technique: the gum tissue is repositioned to immediately improve the appearance of the gum line and cover exposed tooth roots.
Treat Gum Recession with David Kao DDS
If you notice gum recession or symptoms of gum disease, as described in this article, don’t hesitate to make an appointment with an experienced periodontist and dental implants specialist at our office. We offer a wide range of treatment methods and procedures to combat gum disease and improve the appearance of gums. We are looking forward to your visit.
