According to statistics, more than 40% of people over 30 years old have some form of gum disease. But what are the side effects of gum disease, and why should you seek periodontal treatment as soon as you notice the first signs of this condition? In this article, we discuss these questions and outline treatment options for gum disease.
What Are the Side Effects of Gum Disease?
Gum disease is a chronic infection of the gum tissue. This condition can be fully treated only in its earliest stage, called gingivitis. If gingivitis is left untreated, it turns into periodontitis, which can only be managed, but not entirely reversed. That is why it is essential to seek medical attention as soon as you notice the following symptoms:
- Red gums
- Puffy and swollen gums
- Gums that bleed often when you brush and floss your teeth
If gum disease is not treated in time, it can lead to the following long-term side effects:
Receding Gums
Gum recession is a condition in which the gums pull away from your teeth, exposing the roots. Apart from being a cosmetic issue, gum recession can lead to increased tooth sensitivity and root decay.
Persistent Bad Breath
Constant bacterial growth in the mouth leads to persistent bad breath and an unpleasant taste that persists even after you brush and floss your teeth.
Enlarged Periodontal Pockets
Gum disease leads to enlarged periodontal pockets (spaces where the gum tissue is attached to the teeth), where tartar can accumulate. Patients with advanced gum disease can also experience pus in periodontal pockets.
Jawbone Density Loss
In its advanced stages, gum disease can spread to the jawbone and destroy its structure. Jawbone deterioration leads to changes in facial structure, a “sunken” appearance, and insufficient support for the teeth.
Changes in Bite Alignment and Tooth Loss
When the jawbone structure is compromised, it cannot adequately support the teeth, leading to unstable teeth, changes in how teeth fit together and bite alignment, and eventually to tooth loss.
General Health Issues
Uncontrolled gum disease is not only detrimental to oral health but is also closely related to several general health conditions, such as heart, lung, and joint issues. Also, gum disease can affect blood sugar levels and increase the risk of diabetes.
Even if you are generally healthy, gum disease is a chronic infectious condition in the mouth that takes a toll on the immune system, causing constant fatigue, increased susceptibility to other infections, and reduced overall quality of life. Also, oral infections can negatively affect gastrointestinal health, which in turn can lead to skin issues, mood swings, and fatigue.
Gum Disease Treatment Methods
Gum disease treatment methods are chosen depending on the stage of gum disease and can include the following:
- Antibacterial medications
- Frequent professional cleanings (every 3 to 4 months)
- Scaling and root planing (deep cleaning)
- Flap surgery (pocket reduction surgery)
- Gum and bone grafting
- Guided tissue regeneration
Regardless of the stage of gum disease and the treatments your dentist uses, improved daily at-home oral hygiene is always the number one priority in treating the condition. If your at-home oral hygiene is ineffective and you do not remove plaque and food debris regularly, it is tough to control gum disease, as bacteria proliferate rapidly.
Treat Gum Disease with David Kao DDS
If you notice signs of gum disease, make an appointment with an experienced periodontal dentist as soon as possible. Early medical intervention significantly improves your chances of effectively treating or managing gum disease. We are looking forward to your visit.
